‍To apply AI—at a minimum—we need people to have access to a computer. Without that, we’re missing a large portion of society in the data that influences algorithms. What’s the biggest challenge in advancing edtech?

KME: Internet access is definitely a challenge—and when we are only delivering instruction virtually, that becomes the biggest barrier. Obviously, teachers themselves were not prepared to go to this virtual environment—and I think part of the reason most teachers become teachers is for that interaction. So we need to help train teachers to use technology to enhance, not replace, those in-person interactions. But one of the biggest issues is that the digital divide is just a symptom of the economic divide. For example, many school districts did not require students to turn on their cameras during remote learning, and rightly so, because everybody was in a different situation. But that lack of face-to-face time made it difficult to assess student engagement. In addition, parents who had jobs that they could continue from home were better able to support their kids in this online environment. Others who had to continue to be physically present at their jobs weren’t able to do the same. Those people with resources could augment and supplement what they needed, where people who weren’t able to come up to speed—whether it was with resources or WiFi—continued to be hurt and fall behind. In addition, students who are hungry or face obstacles at home don’t learn as well as students with better food and health access. It opened our eyes to additional gaps beyond digital.

Can you talk a bit about the importance of the technologies you’re leveraging in partnership with universities and industries to address the digital divide?

KME: I’ve spent my career at the intersection of academia and industry, and it’s a synergistic relationship. Companies need skilled labor, and schools and universities are in the business of educating the workforce. One of the things companies are recognizing is that we need to support younger and younger students. We can no longer wait until they’re graduating from college or even high school. At SAP, we’ve partnered with Generation Unlimited through the National Science Foundation to standardize some national curricula and create workforce readiness programs that really inform and connect the private sector with future talent. The problem we’re trying to solve is how to create a skilled workforce when skills are changing at a dizzying pace. These programs teach students—with or without digital resources—how to develop critical thinking skills, logical thought processes and decision making, and how to employ creative problem-solving. For example, we can teach students how to code without computer access. When students ask me, “What should I be learning?” I tell them: “Learn how to learn.” Because whatever you learn today will change. We’re also leveraging gamification in partnership with UC Berkeley. There’s a lot of data to show that employees and students are more engaged when they play a game to learn. Through gaming, we can incentivize students by winning points or challenges. Games have been shown to motivate, excite, and drive optimal learning outcomes. On the college level, we work with the business school HEC Montreal, which developed a business simulation game in which participants manage their virtual company in a competitive market. This allows students to learn business intelligence and gain analytics skills through simulated manufacturing scenarios.

What do you think the future of education looks like 10, 20 years from now?

KME: To support students globally—students with different access points—education will become more immersive, more experimental. It will become multimodal and collaborative. We will continue to explore opportunities in artificial intelligence, virtual reality, augmented reality, and gamification—and work to address bias along the way by developing a better pipeline of future talent. I don’t think physical spaces will go away. There’s still no replacement for in-person, human-to-human interaction. I think what is going to change is the way those spaces look. Hopefully we’ll no longer have a classroom with a teacher at the front lecturing students. It will really be about coming together in a creative space where everybody is part of the learning environment—where students, with their diverse backgrounds, also become teachers. There are still so many educational resources in tech, and so much untapped potential. We now have opportunities across the globe, limited only by our time zones.